【英語教室】18. 祈使句
肯定句最基本的概念,就是省略主詞,直接用原形動詞:
1) 直接要對方做事:
Run!
Sing!
Be a man!
2) 加了對方名字:
Run, Tom! (= Tom, run!)
Sing, Christine! (= Christine, sing!)
Be a man, John! (= John, be a man!)
3) 否定句:加 don't,放句首
Don't run. / Don't run, Tom. / Tom, don't run.
Don't sing. / Don't sing, Christine. / Chrsitine, don't sing.
Don't be a man. / Don't be a man, John. / John, don't be a man.
(近來也逐漸看到 Do not 的用法,如:Do not swim here. 但文法上仍以 don't 為佳)
4) 加強語氣:肯定句可用 do 放句首,否定句則用 don't you.
Do run!
Don't you sing! (雖然是 don't 放句首,卻是直述句而非疑問句)
5) 也可以用 stop + Ving / no + Ving / never + 原形動詞,要求對方停止動作
Stop lying to me!
No smoking!
Never be late for school!
※ 以上的句型其實都頗不禮貌,就好像中文說的:「喂!你去......!」所以,避免挨白眼,請多用下列的客氣句型:
1) 加 please, 請
Please sing. (不加逗號)
Sing, please. (要加逗號)
2) 用 would you, could you 請對方做事
Would you open the door for me?
Would you please open the door for me?
Could you open the door for me? (Could 雖為 can 的過去式,但也可用於客氣的問句)
3) 用 may I 詢問對方是否允許自己做事
May I open the door?
May I have all the money?
【練習】依照提示字完成每一句
1. _________ (please) do me a favor and I will be thankful.
2. _________ (not) be a bad boy!
3. _________ (run) faster! The dog is chasing you!
4. _________ (would, close) the window?
5. _________ (may) see your passport?
6. _________ (stop, play) games with me!
【解答】
1. Please
2. Don't
3. Run
4. Would you close / Would you please close
5. May I see
6. Stop playing
文章出自: http://blog.sina.com.tw/missrich/article.php?entryid=8488
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